IN DEPTH: Biomass


Biomass is one of the renewable sources and the earliest energy source used. It is found everywhere so it should not run out. Biomass is pure substances made from the flora and fauna and contains stored solar energy. It first started out with the flora; they absorb the sun’s rays during photosynthesis which stores it as chemical energy. The plants could then be chopped up and collected to be burned but if animals eat the plants and do a poo, their manure could be the fuel.
Animal droppings, straw, sugar cane, landfill gas, alcohol fuels, some garbage and crops are examples of biomass fuels, including wood from shrubs and trees which was and still is the most common biomass fuel used. They are brought to a power station where they are fed into a furnace and then burned in a boiler. High-pressure steams that are produced turn the turbines of the generator which makes the electricity. However, biomass do not need to be burned to be a fuel, it can be converted into other forms of energy, such as methane gas and transportation fuels (ethanol and bio-diesel).
When biomass fuel is burned, it produces greenhouse gases that of course pollutes the environment but this energy source is carbon neutral; this means that it takes in carbon dioxide (as a plant) but then releases carbon dioxide when burned. This makes it a cycle that doesn’t harm the environment. Using biomass is environmentally friendly compared to fossil-fuel powered plants.
Some other advantages of biomass are that it’s a cheap fuel and reuses some of the things we may have thrown away as rubbish and waste. Farms can use the manure from their animals as their fuel for their fireplace to save energy and the gas that comes from the burning garbage at landfills are collected from pipelines to be used at power plants for making electricity.
Some disadvantages are that there may not be enough space to grow biomass fuels which in turn could be used to grow food instead.
FACT: “Biomass fuels provide about 4% of the energy used in the United States.”